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Published on: June 21, 2021
Mass spectrometry and redox proteomics: applications in disease
D Allan Butterfield1, Liqing Gu, Fabio Di Domenico
1Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506.
Redox proteomics identifies oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs) crucial for cell signaling and disease. This review covers techniques for studying these PTMs in conditions like neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Proteomics
Background:
- Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are vital for cellular functions and disease mechanisms.
- Oxidative PTMs, including protein carbonyls and nitration, arise from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS).
- Oxidative stress, an imbalance of ROS/RNS, is linked to numerous diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review available redox proteomics techniques for studying oxidative PTMs.
- To highlight the application of redox proteomics in understanding disease pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of oxidative PTMs using various redox proteomics techniques.
- Analysis of PTMs in both normal cell signaling and oxidative stress conditions.
Main Results:
- Several redox proteomics techniques are available for studying diverse oxidative PTMs.
- Redox proteomics is instrumental in identifying disease-specific PTMs.
Conclusions:
- Redox proteomics is a powerful tool for understanding the role of oxidative PTMs in health and disease.
- Applications span neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, kidney, and heart diseases.
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