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The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
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Ovarian Cycle01:27

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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Proliferative Phase01:20

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The proliferative phase typically occurs after menstruation and lasts between 6 to 13 days in a standard 28-day cycle. This phase involves the reconstruction of the endometrium, guided by estrogen produced by the developing ovarian follicle.
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Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
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Progesterone.

Lindsay Maggio1, Dwight J Rouse

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|June 18, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Progestogen therapy effectively prevents spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk women, particularly those with a history of preterm delivery or a short cervix. However, its benefit is unproven in multifetal gestations or arrested preterm labor.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Spontaneous preterm birth remains a significant challenge in high-risk pregnancies.
  • Progestogens are being investigated as a potential therapeutic intervention.
  • Evidence for progestogen efficacy varies across different high-risk obstetric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of progestogen therapy in preventing spontaneous preterm birth.
  • To identify specific high-risk subgroups that benefit from progestogen treatment.
  • To review current evidence regarding progestogen use in various preterm birth scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing clinical trials and observational studies.
  • Stratification of data based on patient risk factors: prior preterm delivery, sonographic cervical length, multifetal gestation, and arrested preterm labor.
  • Analysis of progestogen type, administration route, and dosage regimens where data permitted.

Main Results:

  • Significant reduction in preterm delivery rates observed in women with a history of spontaneous preterm delivery.
  • Progestogen therapy demonstrated benefit in women with a sonographically identified shortened cervix.
  • No demonstrated benefit of progestogen therapy in women with multifetal gestations; data inconclusive for arrested preterm labor.

Conclusions:

  • Progestogens are a valuable tool for preventing recurrent spontaneous preterm birth and preterm birth in women with short cervix.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of progestogens in multifetal gestations and arrested preterm labor.
  • Optimal progestogen agent, administration, and dosing require further investigation to maximize therapeutic potential.