Expression and effect of CXCL14 in colorectal carcinoma

Chemokines are important in the proliferation and metastasis of tumors. CXCL14 is a member of the CXCL chemokine family and exhibits various expression patterns in different types of tumor, even those tumors that occur in the same type of tissue. The expression of CXCL14 and its clinical significance in colorectal carcinoma are unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of CXCL14 in colorectal carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Kaplan‑Meier survival curves and the Cox regression model were applied to evaluate the clinical significance of the expression levels of CXCL14 in colorectal carcinoma compared with those in normal tissues. To investigate the effects at a cellular level, a replication‑defective lentivirus overexpressing CXCL14 was constructed and transfected into HT29 colorectal carcinoma cells. The effect of CXCL14 on the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cells and the change in cell cycle distributions were investigated using a cell counting kit‑8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results of the current study indicated that the expression levels of CXCL14 mRNA and protein in colorectal carcinoma were markedly reduced compared with levels in normal tissues (P<0.05). The clinical correlation analysis suggested that downregulation of CXCL14 expression in tumors was associated with lymph metastasis, tumor location, and clinicopathological stage (P<0.05). Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis revealed that downregulation of CXCL14 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis (P<0.01). Overexpression of CXCL14 by lentiviral transfection produced an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G1 stage. The data of the current study suggest that CXCL14 may be involved in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma, and may act directly as a potential cancer suppressor gene. The level of CXCL14 expression may be a valuable adjuvant parameter in predicting the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma and may be a potential therapeutic target.