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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
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Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
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Related Experiment Video

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Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
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Risperidone in adolescent schizophrenic psychoses: A retrospective study.

Michal Hrdlicka1, Iva Dudova

  • 1Department of Child Psychiatry, Charles University, 2nd Medical School, Prague, Czech Republic.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
|June 19, 2014
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Risperidone effectively treated early-onset schizophrenia in adolescents, showing significant symptom improvement and good tolerability. Most patients responded well to treatment with manageable side effects.

Keywords:
Schizophreniaadolescenceatypical antipsychoticschildhood

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent psychiatry
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical psychology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia in adolescents requires effective and well-tolerated treatments.
  • Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic with potential for treating early-onset psychotic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of risperidone.
  • To assess risperidone's effect on symptom severity in early-onset schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 47 adolescent patients with schizophrenia.
  • Evaluated efficacy using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale over 6 weeks.
  • Analyzed treatment response, side effects, and weight changes.

Main Results:

  • 82% of patients showed a positive response to risperidone after 6 weeks.
  • Significant decrease in CGI scores (P<0.001) observed at all evaluation points.
  • Common side effects included parkinsonism (19%), sedation (8.5%), and hypersalivation (8.5%); mean weight increased (P=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Risperidone demonstrates significant therapeutic effects in adolescent schizophrenia.
  • The medication is generally well-tolerated with a manageable side effect profile.
  • Supports the use of risperidone for treating psychotic disorders in adolescence.