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Low Skeletal Bone Mineral Density Does Not Affect Dental Implants.

Pouran Famili1, Jennifer M Zavoral2

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Dental implants are successful in women with osteoporosis or osteopenia. This study found no difference in implant success rates or bone loss between women with low bone density and healthy controls.

Keywords:
bisphosphonatesbone mineral densitydental (clinical practice)failure (dental implant)osteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Osteoporosis and osteopenia are common conditions affecting bone density, particularly in postmenopausal women.
  • The impact of reduced bone mineral density on the long-term success of dental implants is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the success of dental implants in female patients diagnosed with osteoporosis or osteopenia compared to healthy controls.
  • To assess bone loss around dental implants in these patient groups over a 24-month period.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 30 female participants (20 with osteoporosis/osteopenia, 10 healthy controls) aged 50-80.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were used to assess bone density at baseline and 24 months.
  • Periapical radiographs were used to measure periapical bone loss around dental implants at baseline, 12, and 24 months.

Main Results:

  • All dental implants remained successful with no evidence of bone loss after 24 months in both groups.
  • No clinical differences in implant success were observed between patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia and healthy controls.
  • Subjects treated with oral bisphosphonates showed no adverse effects or jaw bone necrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Dental implants can be successfully placed in individuals with confirmed skeletal osteoporosis.
  • Implant success rates in patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia are comparable to those in healthy individuals.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up is recommended to confirm findings, especially regarding bisphosphonate use.