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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

9.3K
The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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Flail Chest-I01:24

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

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An unusual shoulder injury.

Aj Moss1, D Valenti1, Sc Fraser1

  • 1Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Norfolk, UK.

Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|June 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Delayed presentation of traumatic axillary artery pseudoaneurysm after blunt shoulder injury can cause neurological deficits. Endovascular stenting and decompression are key, but prompt brachial plexus relief is crucial for recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the axillary artery are rare complications following shoulder injuries.
  • Delayed presentation can occur even after blunt trauma without obvious bony injury.
  • Progressive neurological deficits in the affected arm may indicate vascular compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of delayed axillary artery pseudoaneurysm.
  • To highlight the importance of considering vascular injury in cases of unexplained limb dysfunction post-trauma.
  • To discuss the management and outcomes of endovascular treatment for axillary pseudoaneurysm.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with delayed axillary artery pseudoaneurysm.
  • Management involved endovascular insertion of a covered stent.

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  • Surgical decompression of the axilla and brachial plexus was performed.
  • Main Results:

    • Successful endovascular stenting of the axillary artery pseudoaneurysm.
    • Axillary decompression was achieved.
    • Limited neurological recovery was observed, correlating with delayed intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Delayed presentation of axillary artery pseudoaneurysm is a critical diagnosis.
    • Endovascular stenting combined with surgical decompression offers a viable treatment option.
    • Early surgical intervention, including brachial plexus decompression, is vital for optimal neurological recovery.