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A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate NMDA Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in an adolescent
T K Shruthi1, S Shuba, P S Rajakumar
1Departments of Pediatrics and *Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Correspondence to: Dr TK Shruthi, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, SRMC and RI, Porur, Chennai 600 116, India. shruthitarikere@gmail.com.
Anti N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a treatable autoimmune disorder. Early diagnosis in patients with seizures and behavioral changes leads to complete recovery without lasting effects.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Anti N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an immune-mediated neurological disorder.
- This condition requires prompt recognition and management.
Observation:
- A 14-year-old female presented with refractory seizures, altered behavior, hallucinations, and catatonia.
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis.
- Serum testing confirmed the presence of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies.
Findings:
- The patient received treatment for anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.
- Complete recovery was achieved within six months.
- No long-term sequelae were observed.
Implications:
- Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a potentially treatable cause of encephalitis.
- Consideration of this diagnosis is crucial in cases of acute behavioral changes, seizures, or dyskinesias.
- Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to favorable outcomes in affected individuals.
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