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Qualitative analysis of common definitions for core advanced pharmacy practice experiences
Teresa A O'Sullivan1, Jennifer Danielson1, Stanley S Weber1
1University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington.
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
|June 24, 2014
Summary
Colleges of pharmacy interpret core advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) inconsistently. Standardizing APPE definitions is needed to ensure consistent student training across pharmacy programs.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Experiential Learning
- Accreditation Standards
Background:
- The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) established Standards 2007 for pharmacy practice experiences.
- Colleges and schools of pharmacy interpret these standards differently, particularly for core advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs).
- Variability in interpretation affects the consistency of introductory and advanced pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs and APPEs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine how pharmacy institutions interpret ACPE's Standards 2007 definitions for core APPEs.
- To understand how institutions differentiate community and institutional practice activities for IPPEs and APPEs.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, qualitative study using thematic analysis of survey data.
- Experiential education directors from US pharmacy schools provided open-ended responses describing core APPEs.
- Grounded theory was used to analyze themes, comparing public vs. private institutions and program sizes.
Main Results:
- 71 (72%) schools with active APPE programs responded.
- Lack of consistent themes for acute care/general medicine APPEs indicated agreement on setting but variability in student experience.
- Themes were similar between public and private schools, but varied by program size.
Conclusions:
- Inconsistent definitions of core APPEs exist among pharmacy schools.
- More specific ACPE guidelines for core APPEs are needed.
- Standardization would enable quality benchmarking for pharmacy experiential education.
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