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Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

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Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
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Mass Isolation and In Vitro Cultivation of Intramolluscan Stages of the Human Blood Fluke Schistosoma Mansoni
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Schistosomiasis control: praziquantel forever?

Donato Cioli1, Livia Pica-Mattoccia1, Annalisa Basso1

  • 1Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.

Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology
|June 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Praziquantel is the primary treatment for schistosomiasis, but it doesn't work on immature parasites. New drug research is urgently needed to combat this widespread disease.

Keywords:
DrugsMechanism of actionOxamniquinePraziquantelResistanceSchistosomiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Parasitology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Schistosomiasis control relies on chemotherapy due to lack of vaccines and difficulty targeting intermediate hosts.
  • Praziquantel is the sole drug, administered widely, noted for safety, efficacy, cost, and distribution ease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of praziquantel in schistosomiasis control.
  • To highlight praziquantel's limitations and the urgent need for new antischistosomal agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of praziquantel's properties and limitations in schistosomiasis treatment.
  • Assessment of current research into alternative antischistosomal compounds.

Main Results:

  • Praziquantel is effective against adult schistosomes but lacks activity against immature stages.
  • The mechanism of action of praziquantel remains largely unknown, hindering development of alternatives.
  • Promising alternative compounds have been identified, but none are yet suitable replacements or adjuncts.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy, primarily praziquantel, is crucial for schistosomiasis control.
  • Urgent research is required to discover and develop new antischistosomal drugs to overcome praziquantel's limitations and potential resistance.