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Extraction and Analysis of Taiwanese Green Propolis
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Does propolis contain tannins?

Marco A S Mayworm1, Carolina A Lima2, Augusto C B Tomba2

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Summary

This study found that tannins are common in Brazilian propolis, with levels varying by color. Tannin content should be a key characteristic for propolis analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Botany
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Polyphenols are known constituents of propolis.
  • Tannins, a type of polyphenol, are rarely reported in propolis.
  • Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honeybees.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) in Brazilian propolis.
  • To determine the tannin content in propolis samples.
  • To investigate the relationship between total phenols and tannin content.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of propolis samples from seven Brazilian localities.
  • Qualitative detection of proanthocyanidins.
  • Quantitative determination of tannin content.
  • Correlation analysis between total phenols and tannin content.

Main Results:

  • All analyzed propolis samples tested positive for proanthocyanidins.
  • Tannin content ranged from 0.6% to 4.1%.
  • A strong correlation was observed between total phenol and tannin content.
  • Red and green propolis exhibited higher tannin levels compared to brown propolis.

Conclusions:

  • Condensed tannins are prevalent in Brazilian propolis.
  • Tannin content varies significantly among propolis samples, influenced by color.
  • Tannin analysis is a valuable parameter for propolis characterization and quality control.