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Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes
Published on: June 30, 2019
Electrochemical sensing via selective surface modification of iridium microelectrodes to create a platinum black
Paras R Patel1, Matthew D Gibson2, Kip A Ludwig1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Abstract:
The ability to selectively deposit platinum black (PtB) on iridium microelectrodes and functionalize the surface for the purposes of choline sensing was investigated in this study. Platinum black was deposited by cycling 100-200 times between 0.5 V and -0.7 V in a solution of 1 mM K2PtCl6 in 0.1 M KCl. Deposition of PtB showed good chemical stability as well as good adhesion following insertion into agarose gel as a model for brain insertion. Electrode sites were also tested for their oxidative capabilities of hydrogen peroxide during which they showed high current change in response to small concentration changes - attributable to the high surface area of the PtB. Sites were then coated with an enzyme solution containing choline oxidase, and a permselective layer of meta-phenylenediamine was added to filter interferents. Electrode sites yielded a high sensitivity to choline compared to interferents including ascorbic acid and dopamine.
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