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Creating perfused functional vascular channels using 3D bio-printing technology.

Vivian K Lee1, Diana Y Kim1, Haygan Ngo1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.

Biomaterials
|June 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a functional 3D bio-printed vascular channel using cells and matrices. This innovative method supports tissue viability and offers insights into vascular biology and tissue engineering.

Keywords:
3D bio-printingHydrogelPerfused vascularized tissueVascular channels

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Developing functional in vitro models for vascular research is crucial.
  • Current methods often lack the complexity of native vasculature.
  • 3D bio-printing offers potential for creating intricate biological structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a 3D bio-printing methodology for creating a functional in vitro vascular channel.
  • To assess the barrier function and tissue support capabilities of the fabricated vasculature.
  • To investigate the influence of physiological flow on vascular sprouting and remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D bio-printing technology with cells and biological matrices.
  • Fabricated a vascular channel with a confluent endothelial lining.
  • Evaluated barrier function using plasma protein and dextran molecule assays.
  • Assessed tissue viability and angiogenic sprouting under static and physiological flow conditions.
  • Performed gene expression analysis to explore vascular biology mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a functional in vitro vascular channel with a perfused open lumen.
  • Demonstrated tight, confluent endothelium with effective barrier function.
  • Supported tissue viability up to 5 mm distance under physiological flow.
  • Observed suppressed angiogenic sprouting under physiological flow compared to static conditions.
  • Identified potential for vascular biology research through gene expression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D bio-printing methodology enables the fabrication of functional vascular channels.
  • This model serves as a valuable tool for vascularized tissue engineering and fundamental vascular research.
  • The study highlights the significant impact of physiological flow on vascular remodeling and behavior.