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Emerging fungal pathogens.

E J Anaissie1, G P Bodey, M G Rinaldi

  • 1Department of Medical Specialities, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
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Emerging fungal infections caused by Fusarium, Curvularia, and other fungi are increasingly recognized as serious threats. Antifungal susceptibility testing is crucial for treating these potentially fatal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Fungi previously considered contaminants, such as Fusarium spp. and Trichosporon beigelii, are now recognized as significant human pathogens.
  • Infections caused by these fungi fall into three main groups: phaeohyphomycosis, hyalohyphomycosis, and yeast infections.
  • These infections affect both healthy and immunocompromised individuals, with disseminated and fatal outcomes more common in the latter group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the emerging role of fungi as serious human pathogens.
  • To emphasize the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing for guiding treatment decisions.
  • To discuss the potential impact of new antifungals and biologic response modifiers on managing these infections.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of current literature on emerging fungal infections.
  • Categorization of fungal pathogens into distinct groups responsible for human infections.
  • Discussion of clinical presentations and outcomes in different patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Previously overlooked fungi are now established as causative agents of significant human mycoses.
  • Fungal infections present with varying severity, from localized to disseminated and life-threatening disease.
  • A significant challenge is the variable susceptibility of these fungi to standard antifungal agents like amphotericin B.

Conclusions:

  • Standardization of antifungal susceptibility testing is essential for selecting effective treatments.
  • Emerging fungal infections pose a growing threat, necessitating improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Newer antifungal agents and immunomodulatory therapies hold promise for improving patient outcomes.