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The pathogenic microorganisms in papanicolaou vaginal smears and correlation with inflammation

Esmat Barouti1, Farah Farzaneh1, Azadeh Akbari Sene2

  • 1Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health
|June 28, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Inflammation in Pap smears may indicate vaginal candidiasis (VC) infection. This study found a significant association between VC and inflammation, suggesting VC treatment for affected patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Microbiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cervicitis and inflammatory changes in Pap smears are common but often lack clear clinical guidance.
  • Investigating the prevalence of inflammation and specific vaginal microorganisms is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of inflammation and pathogenic vaginal microorganisms in cervical smears from Iranian women.
  • To assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and vaginal candidiasis (VC).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed 528 conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) cervical smears from women in Tehran, Iran.
  • Evaluated the frequency and severity of inflammation, and the prevalence of BV, TV, and VC.
  • Statistical analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, and chi-square/Fisher's exact tests for comparisons.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of BV, VC, and TV was 17%, 11%, and 0.4%, respectively.
  • Prevalence of these microorganisms was higher in women of reproductive age compared to menopausal women.
  • A significant association was observed between vaginal candidiasis (VC) and the presence of inflammation in Pap smears.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation detected in Pap smears may suggest a vaginal candidiasis (VC) infection.
  • Patients with inflammatory changes in Pap smears should be evaluated and considered for appropriate VC treatment.
Keywords:
Bacterial vaginosisInflammationPap smearTrichomonas vaginalisVaginal candidiasis

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