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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.3K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

5.0K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
5.0K
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
7.6K
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

3.3K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.3K
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

80
Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
80
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

3.9K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
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Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

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[Autophagy in autoimmune disease].

Toshiyuki Bohgaki1, Tatsuya Atsumi

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho Men'Eki Gakkai Kaishi = Japanese Journal of Clinical Immunology
|July 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, plays a crucial role in maintaining cell health and is increasingly linked to human diseases. This review explores the specific involvement of autophagy in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Programmed cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy, is fundamental to development, differentiation, inflammation, immunity, and tumorigenesis.
  • While apoptotic mechanisms are well-understood, research is actively elucidating other programmed cell death pathways.
  • Autophagy, a conserved lysosome-dependent catabolic process, is vital for cellular homeostasis, clearing damaged organelles and recycling nutrients.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the role of autophagy in the context of autoimmune diseases.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of autophagy's involvement in autoimmunity.

Summary:

  • Autophagy is a critical cellular process involved in maintaining homeostasis by degrading and recycling cellular components.
  • Dysregulation of autophagy has been implicated in various human diseases.
  • This review specifically focuses on the intricate relationship between autophagy and the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders.

Impact:

  • Highlights the significance of autophagy as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases.
  • Enhances understanding of the molecular underpinnings of autoimmune conditions.
  • Provides a foundation for future research into autophagy-modulating strategies for treating autoimmune diseases.