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Diagnostic imaging modalities in head and neck disease.
Florian Dammann1, Friedrich Bootz, Mathias Cohnen
1Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Alb Fils Kliniken, Klinik am Eichert, Göppingen, Department of Otolaryngology (ENT)/ Head & Neck Surgery, Bonn University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Radiology, Städtische Kliniken Neuss-Lukaskrankenhaus-GmbH, Neuss, Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery-Plastic Surgery-Universität Witten/Herdecke, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Klinikzentrum Nord, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg.
Conventional radiography is unreliable for head and neck imaging. Cross-sectional imaging like CT and MRI offers superior diagnostic value for inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplastic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
- Head and Neck Anatomy
Background:
- Conventional radiography is unreliable for head and neck imaging due to complex anatomy, leading to misdiagnosis.
- The poor risk-benefit ratio of conventional radiography necessitates advanced imaging techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current guidelines and literature on diagnostic imaging in the head and neck region.
- To compare the efficacy and risk-benefit profiles of various imaging modalities.
Main Methods:
- A selective literature search of PubMed (1980-2013) was conducted.
- Relevant international and German guidelines were incorporated.
Main Results:
- Computed tomography (CT) offers the best risk-benefit profile and high diagnostic value for head and neck imaging.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels in bone and soft-tissue diagnosis but is resource-intensive.
- Digital volume tomography (DVT) provides high local resolution with lower radiation exposure but is unsuitable for soft tissue evaluation. Ultrasonography and nuclear imaging have specific applications.
Conclusions:
- Cross-sectional imaging (CT, MRI) is recommended for evaluating inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplastic head and neck diseases.
- Conventional X-rays are generally limited to dental evaluations.
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