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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...

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Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...

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A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Submassive pulmonary embolism.

Laurence W Busse¹, Jason S Vourlekis¹

¹Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA.

Critical Care Clinics

|July 6, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a critical care diagnosis with nonspecific symptoms. This review focuses on submassive PE, offering insights into its challenging management and risk stratification strategies.

Keywords:

Intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism Pulmonary embolism Right ventricular dysfunction Risk stratification Submassive Thrombolysis

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Published on: November 4, 2015

Area of Science:

Critical Care Medicine
Cardiology
Pulmonology

Background:

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent critical care diagnosis.
Clinical presentation varies widely, from asymptomatic to cardiovascular collapse.
Nonspecific signs and symptoms necessitate a high index of suspicion.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on pulmonary embolism.
To provide a suggested approach for managing submassive PE.
To address the challenges in risk stratification and therapy for submassive PE.

Main Methods:

Literature review of current research on PE.
Analysis of risk stratification methods.
Discussion of therapeutic options for submassive PE.

Main Results:

PE is categorized into low-risk, submassive, and massive.
Submassive PE presents significant management challenges.
Limited consensus exists on optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

Submassive PE requires careful consideration for both initial and long-term management.
Further research and consensus are needed for standardized approaches.
Clinicians should maintain a high suspicion for PE and utilize appropriate risk stratification.