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Psychotropic substances in indoor environments.

Angelo Cecinato1, Paola Romagnoli1, Mattia Perilli1

  • 1National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (CNR-IIA), Monterotondo Stazione, RM, Italy.

Environment International
|July 6, 2014
PubMed
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Psychotropic substances (PSs) were detected in indoor air at schools, homes, and offices in Rome. Indoor drug concentrations frequently surpassed outdoor levels, suggesting indoor sources or persistence.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The presence of drugs in outdoor air is known, but indoor air quality regarding these substances remains under-investigated.
  • Psychotropic substances (PSs) can impact human health and well-being, necessitating an understanding of their indoor environmental presence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and concentrations of psychotropic substances in indoor air environments.
  • To explore the relationship between indoor and outdoor air concentrations of these drugs.
  • To analyze seasonal variations in indoor drug levels.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized monitoring procedures were employed for the determination of specific PSs, including cocaine and cannabinoids, alongside particulate nicotine and caffeine.
Keywords:
Airborne particulateCannabisCocaineIllicit drugsIndoor environmentsPsychotropic substances

Related Experiment Videos

  • In-field experiments were conducted across various indoor settings (schools, homes, office) in Rome, Italy.
  • Data collection spanned multiple seasons: winter, spring, and summer.

    • Main Results:

    • Psychotropic substances were detected in all investigated indoor locations.
    • Indoor drug concentrations frequently exceeded outdoor levels measured at the same sites and reference atmospheric monitoring stations.
    • Seasonal variations influenced the relative concentrations of specific cannabinoids (cannabinol, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol) based on location.

    Conclusions:

    • Indoor environments can act as reservoirs for psychotropic substances, with concentrations potentially higher than ambient outdoor air.
    • The findings suggest either indoor emission sources or enhanced persistence of these drugs within indoor spaces.
    • Further research is warranted to identify specific indoor sources and long-term health implications.