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βC1 is a pathogenicity determinant: not only for begomoviruses but also for a mastrevirus

Jitendra Kumar1, Jitesh Kumar, Sudhir P Singh

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 160071, Punjab, India.

Archives of Virology
|July 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

The beta C1 (βC1) protein, typically linked to begomoviruses, is shown to be a pathogenicity determinant in mastreviruses like wheat dwarf India virus (WDIV). This finding expands our understanding of virus-satellite interactions and disease development.

Area of Science:

  • Plant virology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Betasatellites are known to encode beta C1 (βC1) proteins, which are pathogenicity determinants in begomovirus infections.
  • The role of βC1 in mastrevirus pathogenicity has not been previously established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the involvement of βC1 in the pathogenicity of a mastrevirus, specifically wheat dwarf India virus (WDIV).
  • To determine if βC1 can act as a pathogenicity determinant for mastreviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of field samples of wheat plants infected with WDIV for the presence of betasatellites.
  • Identification of the detected betasatellite as ageratum yellow leaf curl betasatellite (AYLCB).
  • Agroinoculation experiments using full-length and defective AYLCB molecules with WDIV in wheat and ageratum enation virus in tobacco.

Main Results:

  • Full-length AYLCB containing an intact βC1 gene enhanced the pathogenicity and accumulation of WDIV and ageratum enation virus.
  • Defective AYLCB molecules with deletions in the βC1 gene could not enhance pathogenicity.
  • No begomovirus was detected in the analyzed wheat samples.

Conclusions:

  • βC1 is a pathogenicity determinant for the mastrevirus WDIV.
  • βC1 can functionally interact with both begomoviruses and mastreviruses, broadening its known host range and viral interactions.

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