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Mortality by heart failure and ischemic heart disease in Brazil from 1996 to 2011
Eduardo Nagib Gaui1, Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira1, Carlos Henrique Klein2
1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Insights
Mortality from heart failure and ischemic heart diseases is declining in most of Brazil, with regional variations. Improvements in death record quality may explain the decrease in ill-defined cause deaths.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular epidemiology
- Public health surveillance
- Geographic health disparities
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of death in Brazil.
- Understanding mortality trends is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- Analyze the trends in mortality from heart failure, ischemic heart diseases, and ill-defined causes in Brazil.
- Examine these trends across Brazil's geoeconomic regions from 1996 to 2011.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from DATASUS and death declaration records.
- Classified causes of death using ICD codes for ischemic heart diseases (I20-I25), heart failure (I50), and ill-defined causes (Chapter XIII).
- Analyzed data by geoeconomic region (North, Northeast, Center-West, South, Southeast) between 1996 and 2011.
Main Results:
- Heart failure mortality decreased nationwide, except in the North and Northeast.
- Acute ischemic heart disease mortality rose in the North and Northeast, while decreasing in the South and Southeast.
- Chronic ischemic heart disease mortality declined in most regions, with little change in the North and Northeast.
- Ill-defined cause mortality was highest in the Northeast until 2005.
Conclusions:
- Heart failure mortality shows a declining trend across Brazil's regions.
- Ischemic heart disease mortality trends largely mirrored those of heart failure.
- Decreasing ill-defined cause mortality suggests improved data quality.
- Regional variations in acute ischemic heart disease mortality may be linked to changes in ill-defined cause reporting.
Background:
Circulatory system diseases are the first cause of death in Brazil.
Objective:
To analyze the evolution of mortality caused by heart failure, by ischemic heart diseases and by ill-defined causes, as well as their possible relations, in Brazil and in the geoeconomic regions of the country (North, Northeast, Center-West, South and Southeast), from 1996 to 2011.
Methods:
Data were obtained from DATASUS and death declaration records with codes I20 and I24 for acute ischemic diseases, I25 for chronic ischemic diseases, and I50 for heart failure, and codes in chapter XIII for ill-defined causes, according to geoeconomic regions of Brazil, from 1996 to 2011.
Results:
Mortality rates due to heart failure declined in Brazil and its regions, except for the North and the Northeast. Mortality rates due to acute ischemic heart diseases increased in the North and Northeast regions, especially from 2005 on; they remained stable in the Center-West region; and decreased in the South and in the Southeast. Mortality due to chronic ischemic heart diseases decreased in Brazil and in the Center-West, South and Southeast regions, and had little variation in the North and in the Northeast. The highest mortality rates due to ill-defined causes occurred in the Northeast until 2005.
Conclusions:
Mortality due to heart failure is decreasing in Brazil and in all of its geoeconomic regions. The temporal evolution of mortality caused by ischemic heart diseases was similar to that of heart failure. The decreasing number of deaths due to ill-defined causes may represent the improvement in the quality of information about mortality in Brazil. The evolution of acute ischemic heart diseases ranged according to regions, being possibly confused with the differential evolution of ill-defined causes.
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