In vitro evaluation of fluorescence glucose biosensor response

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Diabetes Technology

Background:

• Accurate glucose monitoring is crucial for diabetes management.
• Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) biosensors offer potential for rapid, minimally-invasive glucose measurement.
• Standardized in vitro evaluation methods are needed to advance optical glucose biosensor technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a comprehensive set of in vitro test methods for evaluating optical glucose biosensor performance.
• To fabricate and characterize Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based glucose biosensors using the developed methods.
• To provide a foundation for future consensus standards in FRET glucose biosensor evaluation.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of FRET-based glucose biosensors utilizing competitive binding and long-wavelength fluorescence dye pairs.
• Implementation of standardized in vitro testing for spectral response, linearity, sensitivity, limit of detection, kinetics, reversibility, stability, precision, and accuracy.
• Characterization of biosensor performance against established metrics.

Main Results:

• The FRET biosensor exhibited a 45% fluorescence change with 400 mg/dL glucose.
• Demonstrated a limit of detection of 25 mg/dL and a response time of 15 minutes.
• Showcased a mean absolute relative difference < 11% and a 72% fluorescence decay over 30 days.

Conclusions:

• The developed battery of tests provides objective, quantitative in vitro evaluation of FRET glucose biosensor performance.
• These methods facilitate thorough assessment of biosensor strengths and weaknesses, aiding technological innovation.
• The proposed testing framework has the potential to become a basis for future consensus standards in glucose biosensor development.