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Revisiting enigmatic cortical calretinin-expressing interneurons
Bruno Cauli1, Xiaojuan Zhou2, Ludovic Tricoire1
1Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France.
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
|July 11, 2014
Summary
Cortical calretinin (CR)-expressing interneurons are diverse GABAergic neurons. This review details their features and roles in brain circuits and metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Computational Neuroscience
Background:
- Cortical calretinin (CR)-expressing interneurons are a diverse subtype of GABAergic neurons.
- They exhibit varied morphologies, molecular expression profiles (e.g., VIP, CCK, NKB), and electrophysiological behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the morphological, molecular, and electrophysiological characteristics of CR-expressing interneurons.
- To summarize their integration into cortical circuits, modulation by subcortical inputs, and functional roles in neuronal processing and brain metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing existing research on CR-expressing interneurons.
- Analysis of morphological, molecular, and electrophysiological data from rodent neocortex studies.
Main Results:
- CR-expressing interneurons are heterogeneous, with bipolar cells being predominant.
- They originate mainly from the caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) and dorsal medial ganglionic eminence (MGE).
- Key populations include VIP-bipolar and SOM-Martinotti-like interneurons.
Conclusions:
- The precise roles of CR-expressing interneurons in cortical function and brain metabolism require further elucidation.
- Understanding these interneurons is crucial for comprehending cortical circuit dynamics and energy balance.
