Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

7.2K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
7.2K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

205
Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
205
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

261
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
261
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

206
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
206
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

353
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
353
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

219
Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
219

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A bone to pick with ferric carboxymaltose.

Blood·2026
Same author

The association between first trimester iron deficiency without anemia and the development of iron-deficiency anemia prior to childbirth.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Pregnancy and Bariatric Surgery: Very Different and Very Similar.

American journal of hematology·2026
Same author

Management of iron deficiency in children, adults, and pregnant individuals: evidence-based and expert consensus recommendations.

The Lancet. Haematology·2025
Same author

Iron Deficiency in Adults: A Review.

JAMA·2025
Same author

Isotretinoin Concerns in Switzerland: A Student-Based Transversal Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
05:23

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

18.8K

Hypersensitivity from intravenous iron products.

Andreas J Bircher1, Michael Auerbach2

  • 1Allergy Unit, Dermatology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel 4031, Switzerland.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|July 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Intravenous iron therapy is increasingly used for iron deficiency anemia, particularly in women and during pregnancy. Newer iron carbohydrate nanoparticle formulations have significantly reduced serious adverse events, making treatment safer.

Keywords:
Adverse drug reactionHypersensitivityIntravenous ironToxicity

More Related Videos

Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes
04:40

Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.8K
Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry CE-ICP-MS for Quantification of Iron Redox Species FeII, FeIII
04:48

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry CE-ICP-MS for Quantification of Iron Redox Species FeII, FeIII

Published on: May 4, 2020

9.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
05:23

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

18.8K
Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes
04:40

Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis for the Determination of the Particle Size of Iron-Carbohydrate Complexes

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.8K
Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry CE-ICP-MS for Quantification of Iron Redox Species FeII, FeIII
04:48

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry CE-ICP-MS for Quantification of Iron Redox Species FeII, FeIII

Published on: May 4, 2020

9.5K

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Intravenous iron therapy has become more prevalent in recent years.
  • It's a standard treatment for dialysis-associated anemia since the 1990s.
  • Its application is expanding to other iron deficiency conditions like heavy uterine bleeding and pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expanded use of intravenous iron products.
  • To discuss the toxicity of free iron and the development of safer formulations.
  • To highlight the safety profile of newer iron carbohydrate nanoparticle formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on intravenous iron therapy.
  • Analysis of adverse event data associated with various iron formulations.
  • Discussion of iron carbohydrate nanoparticle technology.

Main Results:

  • Newer intravenous iron formulations, including iron carbohydrate nanoparticles, are increasingly utilized.
  • These advanced formulations have demonstrated a significant reduction in serious adverse events.
  • Specific examples include low-molecular-weight iron dextran, iron sucrose, ferric gluconate, ferumoxytol, iron isomaltoside, and ferric carboxymaltose.

Conclusions:

  • Intravenous iron therapy is a valuable treatment for iron deficiency anemia across various patient populations.
  • Modern iron formulations, particularly iron carbohydrate nanoparticles, offer a safer alternative to older methods.
  • The risk of serious adverse events has been minimized with newer iron products.