Short-term and long-term within-person variability in performance: an integrative model

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Organizational Behavior
• Sports Science

Background:

• Previous research often separated short-term performance fluctuations from long-term performance changes.
• A unified framework is needed to understand within-person performance variability comprehensively.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and test a model integrating short-term and long-term performance variability.
• To examine the role of situational cues in dynamic job performance.

Main Methods:

• Utilized hierarchical linear modeling to analyze performance data from 393 professional male tennis players.
• Applied the cognitive-affective personality system meta-theory (Mischel & Shoda, 1995).

Main Results:

• Short-term performance variability is significantly influenced by the interaction of resource allocation cues and task complexity.
• The relationship between situational cues and performance demonstrated change over time, supporting the integrated model.

Conclusions:

• An integrated approach is crucial for understanding both short-term and long-term performance variability.
• Findings have implications for improving work performance through managerial applications and understanding dynamic job performance.