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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

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Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
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Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
4.2K
Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

2.0K
Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
2.0K
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

1.6K
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
1.6K
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

16.4K
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
16.4K
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

1.9K
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
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Optimal nasopharyngeal temperature probe placement.

Jeongwoo Lee1, Hyungsun Lim, Kyung-Geun Son

  • 1From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.

Anesthesia and Analgesia
|July 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Optimal nasopharyngeal temperature monitoring requires precise probe placement. This study found that less than half of probes were correctly positioned, highlighting a need for improved techniques to ensure accurate internal carotid artery proximity.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Nasopharyngeal temperature monitoring is common during general anesthesia.
  • Optimal probe placement relative to the internal carotid artery (ICA) is not well-defined.
  • Current blind placement by practitioners may lead to suboptimal positioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the nasopharyngeal location closest to the ICA.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of nasopharyngeal temperature probe placement by anesthesiology residents and nurse anesthetists.
  • To determine the optimal depth for probe insertion from the nares.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) imaging of 100 patients to map ICA proximity to nasopharyngeal mucosa.
  • Measurement of distances from the nares to optimal nasopharyngeal sites.
  • Nasendoscopy evaluation of probe placement in 360 patients (244 residents, 116 nurse anesthetists).

Main Results:

  • The nasopharyngeal mucosa is closest to the ICA in the upper (60%) and mid-portions (38%).
  • Optimal placement depth from the nares is approximately 9.1-9.7 cm.
  • Anesthesiology residents and nurse anesthetists correctly positioned probes in only 43% and 41% of cases, respectively.
  • Malpositioned probes in the nasal cavity showed minimal temperature differences (median 0.2°C).

Conclusions:

  • The upper or mid-nasopharynx offers the closest proximity to the ICA for temperature monitoring.
  • Accurate blind placement of nasopharyngeal temperature probes is achieved in less than half of cases.
  • Standardized depth guidelines (approx. 10 cm) are needed to improve probe positioning.