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Hypertension in women

Fadi G Hage1, Sulaf J Mansur2, Dongqi Xing3

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA ; Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran Affairs Medical Center , Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

Kidney International Supplements
|July 17, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, especially in older women. Antihypertensive therapy is effective in both genders, but women may need specific considerations during treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Women's Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Its prevalence and severity increase with age, posing greater challenges in blood pressure control for older adults, particularly women.
  • Unique forms of hypertension exist in women, including those linked to menopause, oral contraceptive use, and pregnancy (e.g., pre-eclampsia).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of hypertension in women.
  • To discuss prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control strategies.
  • To highlight recent guidelines for managing hypertension in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on antihypertensive therapy efficacy in men and women.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on hypertension prevalence, awareness, and control in women.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines for hypertension management.

Main Results:

  • Antihypertensive therapy demonstrates similar reductions in major cardiovascular events for both men and women.
  • Blood pressure control becomes more challenging with aging, especially in women.
  • Gender-specific side effects and contraindications (e.g., pregnancy) are key considerations for treatment selection in women.

Conclusions:

  • Gender should not dictate the choice of blood pressure-lowering therapies, barring specific female-related contraindications.
  • Effective management of hypertension in women requires attention to age-related challenges and gender-specific factors.
  • Adherence to updated guidelines is crucial for optimizing hypertension control in women and reducing cardiovascular disease risk.

Keywords:
antihypertensive treatmenthypertensionoral contraceptivespreeclampsiapregnancy-related hypertensionwomen

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