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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Related Experiment Video

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Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness
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Osteoarthritis Classification Scales: Interobserver Reliability and Arthroscopic Correlation.

Rick W Wright1,

  • 1MARS Group Principal Investigator, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8233, St. Louis, MO 63110.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|July 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiographs for knee osteoarthritis show moderate reliability. The 45° posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing view and the International Knee Documentation Committee classification offer the best combination for assessing tibiofemoral joint cartilage degeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Knee Osteoarthritis Research

Background:

  • Knee osteoarthritis diagnosis commonly relies on radiography.
  • The accuracy of radiographic osteoarthritis classification systems and their correlation with actual tibiofemoral joint cartilage degeneration require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the interobserver reliability and diagnostic accuracy of various radiographic classification systems for knee osteoarthritis.
  • To compare the effectiveness of anteroposterior (AP) weight-bearing radiographs versus 45° posteroanterior (PA) flexion weight-bearing radiographs (Rosenberg view) in assessing tibiofemoral chondral disease.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, prospective longitudinal cohort study involved 632 patients undergoing revision surgery for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
  • Radiographic knee evaluations (AP and 45° PA flexion weight-bearing views) were performed and independently graded by three blinded examiners using six common osteoarthritis classification systems.
  • Arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage was conducted, and the association between radiographic and arthroscopic findings was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (for reliability) and Spearman correlation coefficients (for accuracy).

Main Results:

  • The 45° PA flexion weight-bearing radiographs demonstrated higher interobserver reliability (ICC=0.63) and better correlation with arthroscopic findings of chondral disease (Spearman rho=0.36) compared to AP radiographs (ICC=0.55, rho=0.29).
  • Among the six systems evaluated, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) classification, when used with 45° PA flexion weight-bearing radiographs, showed the most favorable combination of good interobserver reliability and medium correlation with arthroscopic findings.

Conclusions:

  • Radiographic classification systems for knee osteoarthritis exhibit moderate to good interobserver reliability and medium correlation with arthroscopic findings.
  • The International Knee Documentation Committee classification, assessed via 45° PA flexion weight-bearing radiographs, provides the most reliable and accurate method for evaluating tibiofemoral cartilage degeneration in this patient cohort.