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Psychosis risk screening: a systematic review.
Emily Kline1, Jason Schiffman1
1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States.
Schizophrenia Research
|July 19, 2014
Summary
Self-report screeners can identify individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. These low-cost tools aid early intervention, though more research is needed for reliable screening thresholds.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Mental Health
Background:
- Duration of untreated psychosis impacts illness outcomes, yet formal tools for early psychosis detection are underutilized.
- Costly interview-based assessments limit widespread clinical adoption for identifying psychosis risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive review of self-report questionnaires used as psychosis risk screeners.
- To evaluate the utility of low-cost, brief methods for identifying individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis.
Main Methods:
- A literature search identified 34 studies employing self-report questionnaires as initial screeners in psychosis risk assessment.
- The review synthesized information on screeners, including psychometric data and diverse sample applications.
Main Results:
- Self-report psychosis risk screeners have been used for validation, clinical referral, research recruitment, and prevalence estimation.
- Screeners focusing on attenuated psychotic experiences reliably measure a construct with variable prevalence.
- Use in help-seeking populations identifies enriched samples with higher likelihood of meeting CHR criteria and psychosis transition.
Conclusions:
- Self-report screeners offer a viable, low-cost approach for identifying individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.
- Further research is necessary to establish reliable norms and screening thresholds for consistent application across diverse populations and settings.
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