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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

162
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
162
Methods to Assess Microbial Communities01:19

Methods to Assess Microbial Communities

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Microbial communities, comprising bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms, inhabit diverse ecosystems and play crucial roles in environmental and biological processes. Their diversity is defined by three main parameters: species richness (the number of distinct species), species abundance (the relative quantity of each species), and species evenness (how uniformly individual species are distributed in various locations). These factors together shape the structure and ecological balance...
57

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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Getting started with microbiome analysis: sample acquisition to bioinformatics.

Ranjit Kumar1, Peter Eipers2, Rebecca B Little3

  • 1Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham.

Current Protocols in Human Genetics
|July 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating microbial communities is now possible without lab cultivation, thanks to culture-independent methods and high-throughput sequencing. This study details a microbiome analysis pipeline and a bioinformatics workflow called QWRAP for data analysis.

Keywords:
16S rRNA genesQWRAP bioinformatics analysismicrobe communitiesmicrobiome analysis pipeline

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Traditional microbial studies relied on laboratory cultivation, limiting the investigation of unculturable microorganisms.
  • Many microbial communities are difficult to study due to the inability to culture their members in vitro.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a comprehensive workflow for microbiome analysis.
  • To introduce QWRAP, a novel bioinformatics tool for analyzing microbiome data.

Main Methods:

  • Sample acquisition from various human body sites.
  • Isolation of microbial DNA and subsequent high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform.
  • Application of the QWRAP analytical workflow for bioinformatics data analysis.

Main Results:

  • A complete pipeline for microbiome analysis, from sample collection to sequencing, is presented.
  • The QWRAP workflow offers a new approach for basic bioinformatics analysis of microbiome data.

Conclusions:

  • Culture-independent methods, particularly 16S rRNA gene sequencing, have revolutionized the study of microbial communities.
  • The described pipeline and QWRAP workflow facilitate microbiome analysis for both clinical and basic science researchers.