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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells
Published on: August 2, 2022
Mixed germ cell testicular cancer with left ventricular metastasis presenting with embolic stroke and small bowel
Srinath Sundararajan1, Beth Braunhut2, Frederick Ahmann1
1Department of Hematology-Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Abstract:
Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) metastasize in a very predictable fashion involving the retroperitoneal nodes first followed by hematogenous spread to distant organs like lungs, liver, and brain. Metastasis to heart is an extremely rare entity for GCT and fewer than 20 cases have been reported in the literature so far. We have summarized here a unique case of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) with intracardiac metastasis resulting in systemic macroembolization to liver, spleen, brain, bowel and musculoskeletal tissues. This led to multiple adverse sequelae including ischemic stroke and bowel perforation.

