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Bio-inspired cryo-ink preserves red blood cell phenotype and function during nanoliter vitrification
Rami El Assal1, Sinan Guven, Umut Atakan Gurkan
1Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA; Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division for Biomedical Engineering, Division of Infectious Diseases, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Abstract:
Current red-blood-cell cryopreservation methods utilize bulk volumes, causing cryo-injury of cells, which results in irreversible disruption of cell morphology, mechanics, and function. An innovative approach to preserve human red-blood-cell morphology, mechanics, and function following vitrification in nanoliter volumes is developed using a novel cryo-ink integrated with a bioprinting approach.