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Published on: July 13, 2019
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Peripherally inserted central line catheter infections in burn patients
Alura Barsun1, Soman Sen, Tina L Palmieri
1From the Department of Surgery and Firefighters Regional Burn Center, University of California, Davis.
Summary
Peripherally inserted central line catheter (PICC) infections are a risk in burn patients. Severe burn injuries, longer hospital stays, and later PICC insertion increase infection risk, suggesting a need for new protocols.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Disease
- Burn Care
- Medical Devices
Background:
- Peripherally inserted central line catheters (PICCs) are increasingly used in burn patients.
- While central line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) are studied in this population, PICC-specific infection risks require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with peripherally inserted central line catheter (PICC) infections in burn patients.
- To compare PICC infection rates with CLABSI rates in the same patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of burn patients with PICCs from 2006 to 2008.
- Data collected included patient demographics, burn severity (TBSA), length of stay, and PICC insertion details.
- Statistical analysis included linear and multivariate regression to identify risk factors for PICC infections.
Main Results:
- The overall PICC infection rate was 11.7 per 1000 catheter days, comparable to the burn patient CLABSI rate of 12.9 per 1000 catheter days.
- PICC infection was significantly associated with higher total body surface area (TBSA) burn injury, longer hospital admission, and later hospital day of PICC insertion.
- Independent risk factors for PICC infection included TBSA, length of admission, and hospital day of PICC insertion.
Conclusions:
- Burn patients with severe injuries, prolonged hospitalizations, and delayed PICC insertions face a higher risk of PICC-related infections.
- Development of specific protocols for routine PICC management in this high-risk population is recommended.
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