Leukemic marker detection using a spectro-polarimetric surface plasmon resonance platform

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Immunology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Monoclonal immunoglobulin detection is crucial for leukemia diagnosis.
• Current methods for immunoglobulin detection can be costly and time-consuming.
• There is a need for efficient and accessible leukemia biomarker screening tools.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a proof-of-concept for a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bio-sensing platform for monoclonal immunoglobulin screening.
• To evaluate the platform's ability to detect the kappa/lambda light chain ratio as a leukemia tumor marker.
• To demonstrate the platform's potential for early leukemia diagnosis and monitoring.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bio-sensing platform for high-resolution measurements.
• Measured immunoglobulin levels and kappa/lambda light chain concentrations in human serum.
• Validated the platform using standard immunoglobulin solutions and patient serum samples with known leukemic diagnoses.

Main Results:

• The SPR platform achieved a resolution of 5×10(-7) refractive index unit (RIU) per channel, surpassing other SPR imaging systems.
• Results from the SPR platform were in agreement with conventional immunoglobulin detection methods.
• The kappa/lambda ratio effectively indicated the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin in patient samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed polarimetric SPR platform is a promising tool for leukemia biomarker screening.
• This technology offers a potentially cheap and efficient method for early leukemia detection and monitoring.
• The high resolution and accuracy of the SPR platform support its clinical applicability.