Cardiovascular disease detection using bio-sensing techniques

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global cause of mortality, with heart disease and stroke claiming over 20 million lives by 2015.
• Current understanding of CVD initiation, symptoms, and early detection is insufficient, contributing to high mortality rates.
• Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for reducing the risk of sudden death from CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the classification of CVD.
• To discuss biomarkers used in CVD diagnosis.
• To summarize the application and recent advancements of biosensors in CVD detection.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on cardiovascular disease classification and diagnosis.
• Analysis of various biomarkers utilized for CVD detection.
• Exploration of biosensor technology, including microfluidics and nanotechnology, for rapid CVD screening.
• Discussion of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices integrating multiple assays.

Main Results:

• Biosensors are revolutionizing CVD diagnosis by enabling rapid screening of disease biomarkers.
• Advances in microfluidics and nanotechnology have led to faster, more accurate, and portable diagnostic devices.
• Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology integrates multiple assays into a single, portable device, reducing analysis time.
• Interdisciplinary research efforts are driving the development of sophisticated affinity-based detection systems.

Conclusions:

• Biosensors represent a significant advancement in the early detection and prognosis of cardiovascular disease.
• The integration of microfluidics and nanotechnology is key to developing next-generation, high-performance diagnostic tools.
• Continued research in biosensor technology promises to further improve CVD management and reduce mortality rates.