[Treatment of malignancy associated hypercalcemia]
1Third Department of Medicine, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Japan.
Clinical Calcium
|July 29, 2014
Summary
Malignancy associated hypercalcemia (MAH) is a serious condition often caused by cancer. Bisphosphonates are the primary treatment, with calcitonin and saline infusion used as supportive therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Pathophysiology
Context:
- Malignancy associated hypercalcemia (MAH) is a paraneoplastic syndrome impacting patient quality of life and survival.
- MAH is categorized into humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) and local osteolytic hypercalcemia (LOH).
Purpose:
- To outline the primary treatment strategies for malignancy associated hypercalcemia.
- To highlight the role of bisphosphonates, calcitonin, and saline infusion in managing MAH.
Summary:
- Bisphosphonates are the cornerstone therapy for MAH due to their effectiveness in inhibiting bone resorption, a key factor in calcium mobilization.
- Calcitonin serves as an initial adjunctive therapy for rapid symptom management while bisphosphonates take effect.
- Saline infusion is crucial for addressing dehydration and renal insufficiency commonly associated with MAH.
Impact:
- Effective management of MAH improves patient quality of life and survival rates.
- Understanding MAH pathogenesis guides the selection of appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
2.5K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.5K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.0K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.0K
01:26Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
688
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
688
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
3.5K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.5K
01:27Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention
716
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
716
01:21Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
8.4K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
8.4K