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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth

Farin Soleimani1, Farzaneh Zaheri2, Fatemeh Abdi3

  • 1Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
|July 29, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth, affecting 9.6% of global births, leads to significant neurodevelopmental disorders and mortality. Despite increased survival rates, preterm infants face persistent complications into adolescence.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a significant global health issue, accounting for approximately 9.6% of all births worldwide.
  • It is a leading cause of mortality and a major contributor to neurodevelopmental disorders in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on neurodevelopmental disorders associated with preterm birth.
  • To understand the long-term outcomes for preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases including PubMed, EMBASE, ISI, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, and SID.
  • Keywords related to preterm birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes were used to identify relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • Key neurodevelopmental disorders linked to prematurity include cerebral palsy (especially spastic diplegia), intellectual disability, retinopathy of prematurity, and hearing impairments.
  • Increased survival rates for preterm infants have not correlated with a reduction in these complications.

Conclusions:

  • The survival of preterm infants is often accompanied by significant neurodevelopmental challenges.
  • Evidence indicates sustained adverse outcomes persisting into school age and adolescence for individuals born preterm.
Abstract

Keywords:
ImpairmentLow Birth WeightNeurodevelopmentPreterm Birth

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