Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods01:21

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods

794
Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
794
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

394
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
394
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

362
It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
362
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems01:24

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems

126
The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...
126
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

381
Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
381
Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

597
Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
597

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in treatment-naïve women with endometrial cancer and overweight: a randomized feasibility study.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Prognostic comparison of the FIGO 2009 and 2023 endometrial cancer staging systems: a large, single-institution retrospective cohort study.

International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society·2026
Same author

Preoperative hypoalbuminemia and survival among patients selected for primary cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer: A Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Team Ovary study.

Gynecologic oncology·2026
Same author

A Phase II Trial of Olaparib plus Pembrolizumab in Patients with Recurrent Copy Number-High/p53-Abnormal Endometrial Cancer.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026
Same author

Mastectomy for Breast Cancer in Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study of Barriers, Facilitators, and Patient Attitudes.

Psycho-oncology·2026
Same author

Age-Related Germline Landscape of Endometrial Cancer: Focus on Early-Onset Cases.

JCO precision oncology·2026
Same journal

An Adaptive Biomarker-based Umbrella Trial Design Using Bayesian Latent Class Model.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2026
Same journal

A Bayesian Adaptive Marker-Stratified Design for Phase II Clinical Trials Using Calibrated Spike-and-Slab priors.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2026
Same journal

On the Two-Step Hybrid Design for Augmenting Randomized Trials Using Real-World Data.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2025
Same journal

Two-stage Adaptive Enrichment Designs with Survival Outcomes and Adjustment for Misclassification in Predictive Biomarkers.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2025
Same journal

A novel longitudinal rank-sum test for multiple primary endpoints in clinical trials: Applications to neurodegenerative disorders.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2025
Same journal

Isotonic Phase I cancer clinical trial design utilizing patient-reported outcomes.

Statistics in biopharmaceutical research·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.2K

Bridging Solutions in Dose Finding Problems.

John O'Quigley1, Alexia Iasonos2

  • 1LSTA, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France.

Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research
|July 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bridging in dose-finding studies addresses group heterogeneity for accurate maximum tolerated dose (MTD) estimation. This method efficiently uses data from prior studies to improve new study performance, especially with distinct populations.

Keywords:
BridgingCalibrationClinical trialsContinual Reassessment MethodDose escalationDose finding studiesPediatric trialsPharmacokineticsPhase 1 trialsToxicity

More Related Videos

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification ADCI and Dose Estimation
10:33

Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification ADCI and Dose Estimation

Published on: September 4, 2017

19.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.2K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification ADCI and Dose Estimation
10:33

Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification ADCI and Dose Estimation

Published on: September 4, 2017

19.7K

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trial Design
  • Pharmacometrics

Background:

  • Group heterogeneity poses challenges in dose-finding studies.
  • Bridging methods aim to improve the estimation of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD).
  • Distinct populations within dose-finding studies require specific methodological considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the concept of bridging in dose-finding studies, particularly concerning group heterogeneity.
  • To investigate how information from existing studies can enhance efficiency in new studies involving different populations.
  • To identify scenarios where bridging offers performance improvements over parallel study designs.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling approaches for bridging between two distinct populations in dose-finding studies.
  • Comparative analysis of bridging versus parallel study designs.
  • Simulation studies to evaluate the performance of bridging methods.
  • Application of bridging methods to a pediatric oncology case example.

Main Results:

  • Bridging models can effectively utilize information from prior studies to improve efficiency in subsequent studies.
  • The benefit of bridging is dependent on the specific study design and population characteristics.
  • In certain situations, bridging may not offer significant advantages over conducting independent parallel studies.
  • Simulations and a pediatric oncology example illustrate the practical implications of bridging.

Conclusions:

  • Bridging is a valuable strategy for dose-finding studies with heterogeneous populations, enhancing MTD estimation.
  • Careful consideration of study design and population differences is crucial for successful bridging implementation.
  • Bridging offers a potential pathway to more efficient clinical trial designs by leveraging existing data.
  • Further research and simulation are essential to optimize bridging methodologies for various clinical contexts.