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Mapping Mental Function to Brain Structure: How Can Cognitive Neuroimaging Succeed?

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Cognitive neuroscience mapping brain function and mental processes requires a shift from brain-mapping to searching for selective associations. Developing formal ontologies, like the Cognitive Atlas Project, can link mental processes and brain function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cognitive neuroscience aims to map brain function to mental processes.
  • Current brain-mapping strategies may not identify selective structure-function relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine existing strategies for mapping brain function and mental processes.
  • Argue for a shift towards identifying selective associations between cognitive processes and brain function.

Main Methods:

  • Critically analyze current brain-mapping strategies in cognitive neuroscience.
  • Propose the development of formal ontologies for cognitive processes.
  • Introduce the Cognitive Atlas Project as a resource for developing these ontologies.

Main Results:

  • Current brain-mapping strategies may be insufficient for identifying selective structure-function mappings.
  • Formal ontologies are necessary to understand the structure of mental processes.
  • The Cognitive Atlas Project provides a framework for developing such ontologies.

Conclusions:

  • A move towards searching for selective associations is crucial for understanding the functional anatomy of mental processes.
  • Formal ontologies, exemplified by the Cognitive Atlas Project, are key to this shift.
  • Integrating ontologies with data-mining can directly link mental processes and brain function.