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Proposed shade guide for attached gingiva--a pilot study.

Masayasu Ito1, David B Marx, Ansgar C Cheng

  • 1Assistant Professor, Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan; Formerly Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE.

Journal of Prosthodontics : Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
|August 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Gingival color (CIELAB L*a*b*) is significantly influenced by race and gender, not age. This study identified three distinct gingival color clusters, aiding in shade guide development.

Keywords:
Gingiva coloracrylicpink porcelain

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Area of Science:

  • Oral health research
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Color science

Background:

  • Accurate gingival color assessment is crucial for esthetic dental procedures.
  • Existing shade guides may not fully represent the diversity of natural gingival tones.
  • Understanding demographic influences on gingival color is essential for personalized dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of race, age, and gender on the Commision Internationale de l'Eclairage Lab (CIELAB) color space values of attached gingiva.
  • To determine the color coordinates of an optimal proposed attached gingival shade guide.

Main Methods:

  • Spectroradiometry was used to measure attached gingival reflectance in 120 participants stratified by age and race.
  • Stepwise discriminant and hierarchical clustering analyses were performed to identify color variations and groupings.
  • Coverage error of a proposed shade guide was calculated against actual gingival colors.

Main Results:

  • Race and gender significantly influenced gingival color (p < 0.05), while age did not.
  • Hierarchical clustering identified three distinct gingival color clusters with specific mean L*a*b* values.
  • Coverage errors varied among racial categories, with white individuals showing the lowest error (ΔE = 4.6 ± 2.7).

Conclusions:

  • Gingival color, measured by CIELAB L*a*b* values, is demonstrably affected by race and gender.
  • The study successfully identified three distinct gingival color clusters within the participant cohort.
  • Findings support the development of more inclusive and accurate gingival shade guides.