Maxillary sinusitis with pulmonary tuberculosis

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pulmonology

Background:

• Tubercular infection of the nasal cavity is historically uncommon, further reduced by antibiotic availability.
• While rare, tuberculosis affecting paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, and larynx has been documented.
• The rising incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is linked to the resurgence of these uncommon tuberculous infections.

Observation:

• A middle-aged male patient presented with a nasal cavity lesion.
• The patient was also diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis.
• The nasal cavity lesion was discovered subsequent to the diagnosis of maxillary sinus tuberculosis.

Findings:

• Maxillary sinus tuberculosis was diagnosed in a middle-aged male patient.
• The patient presented with a concurrent nasal cavity lesion.
• Pulmonary tuberculosis was identified in conjunction with the sinus and nasal findings.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of nasal cavity lesions, particularly in the context of HIV.
• Early diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal tuberculosis are crucial for patient outcomes.
• The re-emergence of rare tuberculous infections necessitates increased awareness among clinicians.