Obesity and kidney protection.

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Metabolic Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Obesity is a major risk factor for numerous diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, reducing lifespan.
• While cardiovascular risks of obesity are known, its impact on renal function is less recognized.
• The metabolic syndrome highlights the connection between obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and kidney dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the relationship between obesity and renal function.
• To understand the mechanisms linking obesity to kidney disease.
• To identify potential therapeutic strategies for obesity-related kidney dysfunction.

Main Methods:

• Literature search conducted across major scientific databases: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science.

Main Results:

• Elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) is a key factor in glomerular hyperfiltration, contributing to chronic kidney disease development.
• Weight loss in severely obese patients can reduce hyperfiltration, suggesting a potential treatment avenue.
• The metabolic syndrome provides a framework for understanding obesity's link to diabetes, hypertension, and renal dysfunction.

Conclusions:

• Obesity significantly contributes to kidney disease through mechanisms like hyperfiltration.
• Therapeutic strategies include blood pressure control, RAAS inhibition, glycemic and lipid management, and lifestyle changes.
• Addressing obesity itself is crucial for managing its impact on kidney health.