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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet...
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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice
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Chronic cough in children.

Rigoberto Acosta, Sami L Bahna

    Pediatric Annals
    |August 8, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Investigating chronic cough in children requires a thorough approach. This review outlines diagnostic strategies for persistent cough, focusing on history, physical exams, and targeted tests to find underlying causes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Clinical Diagnosis
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Cough is a frequent reason for pediatric medical visits.
    • Acute cough, often infection-related, typically resolves within 4 weeks.
    • Prolonged cough (chronic) necessitates evaluation for diverse respiratory and non-respiratory conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present an optimal diagnostic strategy for chronic cough in children.
    • To guide clinicians in identifying the underlying causes of persistent pediatric cough.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of diagnostic approaches for pediatric chronic cough.
    • Emphasis on skillful patient history taking.
    • Guidance on performing a thorough physical examination.
    • Recommendations for selecting appropriate diagnostic tests.

    Main Results:

    • A structured diagnostic process is crucial for effective management.
    • Key historical features and physical findings aid in differential diagnosis.
    • Appropriate test selection minimizes unnecessary investigations.

    Conclusions:

    • A systematic approach combining history, physical exam, and judicious testing improves the diagnosis of chronic cough in children.
    • Identifying the root cause is essential for effective treatment and management of pediatric respiratory conditions.