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Simultaneous Study of the Recruitment of Monocyte Subpopulations Under Flow In Vitro
Published on: November 26, 2018
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Shear flow affects selective monocyte recruitment into MCP-1-loaded scaffolds
Anthal I P M Smits1, Virginia Ballotta, Anita Driessen-Mol
1Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|August 9, 2014
Summary
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) release from synthetic scaffolds influences immune cell recruitment for cardiovascular tissue engineering. However, burst release overrides selectivity, suggesting bone marrow mobilization is key for neotissue formation.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Immunology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Degradable synthetic scaffolds are used for cardiovascular replacements, guiding in situ neotissue formation.
- Priming scaffolds with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) improves neoartery formation in rats, but mechanisms are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of MCP-1 burst-release from synthetic scaffolds on local leukocyte recruitment under hemodynamic conditions.
- To test the hypothesis that MCP-1 recruits specific monocyte subpopulations for a desired healing cascade.
Main Methods:
- Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds loaded with MCP-1 in fibrin gel.
- Exposure to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells under static and pulsatile flow conditions.
- Flow cytometry to measure monocyte subset migration.
Main Results:
- Static conditions showed dose-dependent migration of specific CD14(+) monocyte subsets.
- Pulsatile flow increased immediate monocyte recruitment but lacked subset selectivity.
- Shear stress from pulsatile flow overruled MCP-1 selectivity after initial burst release.
Conclusions:
- Local recruitment selectivity of MCP-1-responsive monocytes is not the primary driver of improved neotissue formation.
- Mobilization of MCP-1-responsive cells from bone marrow likely plays a predominant role in vivo.
