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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Published on: February 17, 2023

A cadaver study comparing intraoperative methods to analyze lower limb alignment.

Nael Hawi¹, Emmanouil Liodakis, Eduardo M Suero

¹Trauma Department of the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany, hawi.nael@mh-hannover.de.

Skeletal Radiology

|August 12, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Three conventional methods accurately determine lower limb alignment during orthopedic surgery. The cable, alignment rod, and axis board methods showed comparable results to CT scans, with good reliability and no significant differences in radiation exposure.

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Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomechanical Analysis
Surgical Navigation

Background:

Accurate intraoperative determination of lower limb alignment is critical for successful orthopedic surgical outcomes.
Current methods for assessing lower limb alignment include the cable, alignment rod, and axis board techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the accuracy and reliability of conventional lower limb alignment methods.
To evaluate individual differences in applicability and radiation exposure among these techniques.

Main Methods:

Twenty lower limbs from 12 fresh-frozen cadavers were analyzed.
Measurements were taken using cable, alignment rod, and axis board methods, followed by CT scanning.
The intersection of the mechanical leg axis with the tibia plateau was calculated.

Main Results:

No statistically significant differences were found between the conventional methods and CT measurements.
All three methods demonstrated good intraobserver reliability (ICC > 0.95).
No significant differences in radiation time or dose area product were observed.

Conclusions:

Conventional methods (cable, alignment rod, axis board) are valid for measuring lower limb alignment.
These techniques offer practical, uncomplicated, and reliable intraoperative control of the mechanical axis.