Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

3.0K
Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
3.0K
Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution01:21

Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution

2.0K
The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.
2.0K
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation02:35

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation

58.4K
The equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor depends on the temperature of the system; a rise in temperature causes a corresponding rise in the vapor pressure of its liquid. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation gives the quantitative relation between a substance’s vapor pressure (P) and its temperature (T); it predicts the rate at which vapor pressure increases per unit increase in temperature.
58.4K
Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

29.3K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
29.3K
Distribution of Molecular Speeds01:27

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

4.0K
The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...
4.0K
Coulomb's Law and The Principle of Superposition01:15

Coulomb's Law and The Principle of Superposition

8.5K
Coulomb's Law describes the force experienced by two point charges under each other's presence. But what if there are more than two charges? For example, if there is a third charge, does it experience a force that is a simple combination of the individual forces due to the first two charges? Can it be described mathematically?
The Principle of Superposition answers the question. Yes, Coulomb's Law applies to each pair of charges, and the net force on each charge is the vector sum of...
8.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Network-driven discovery of repurposable drugs targeting hallmarks of aging.

Nature aging·2026
Same author

The aging genome exhibits organized vulnerability to somatic mutations.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Hungary's chance to rebuild science.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Human mobility in the metaverse mirrors patterns in the physical world.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Surface optimization governs the local design of physical networks.

Nature·2026
Same author

Divergent accumulation patterns of SNVs and INDELs reveal negative selection in noncancerous cells.

Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.))·2025
Same journal

Chemotactic self-organization captures the dynamics of mammalian hair follicle patterning.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Tomographic imaging of superconducting order using particle-hole interference.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Inhibitory potential of autologous neutralizing antibodies sets quantitative limits on the rebound-competent HIV-1 reservoir.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Inferring epidemiological parameters under an infectious phylogeography model with visitor dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Analytical modeling for suction cup designs for skin-interfaced wearable devices.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Improving cell-free metabolism through direct integration of artificial respiratory chains.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Assembly and Quantification of Co-Cultures Combining Heterotrophic Yeast with Phototrophic Sugar-Secreting Cyanobacteria
05:44

Assembly and Quantification of Co-Cultures Combining Heterotrophic Yeast with Phototrophic Sugar-Secreting Cyanobacteria

Published on: December 27, 2024

1.6K

Collective credit allocation in science.

Hua-Wei Shen1, Albert-László Barabási2

  • 1Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Center for Complex Network Research and Departments of Physics, Biology, and Computer Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115;

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new algorithm to fairly allocate credit among coauthors of scientific publications. The method captures community perception of contributions, aiding in accurate researcher evaluation for career advancement.

Keywords:
network sciencescientific impactteam science

More Related Videos

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect
06:42

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect

Published on: March 19, 2019

8.0K
Super-Resolution Imaging and Shared Management: A Protocol for Confocal Microscopy with Multiplex Detection
07:42

Super-Resolution Imaging and Shared Management: A Protocol for Confocal Microscopy with Multiplex Detection

Published on: February 24, 2026

755

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Assembly and Quantification of Co-Cultures Combining Heterotrophic Yeast with Phototrophic Sugar-Secreting Cyanobacteria
05:44

Assembly and Quantification of Co-Cultures Combining Heterotrophic Yeast with Phototrophic Sugar-Secreting Cyanobacteria

Published on: December 27, 2024

1.6K
Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect
06:42

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect

Published on: March 19, 2019

8.0K
Super-Resolution Imaging and Shared Management: A Protocol for Confocal Microscopy with Multiplex Detection
07:42

Super-Resolution Imaging and Shared Management: A Protocol for Confocal Microscopy with Multiplex Detection

Published on: February 24, 2026

755

Area of Science:

  • Bibliometrics
  • Scientometrics
  • Research Evaluation

Background:

  • Scientific collaboration is crucial, especially in multidisciplinary research.
  • Accurately determining individual author contributions in multi-author publications remains a challenge.
  • The scientific community uses an informal, field-dependent system for collective credit allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel algorithm for credit allocation among coauthors.
  • To capture the scientific community's perception of individual contributions to publications.
  • To provide a quantitative method for evaluating researcher impact.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a credit allocation algorithm based on community perception.
  • Validated the algorithm using Nobel Prize-winning papers to identify credited discoverers.
  • The method is independent of author list position.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully reproduces the informal, collective credit allocation process in science.
  • Identified key authors of Nobel-winning discoveries irrespective of their position.
  • The method enables comparison of researcher impact within and across fields.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate measurement of relative researcher credit is achievable.
  • This quantitative approach can inform critical decisions in hiring, funding, and promotion.
  • The algorithm offers a standardized method for scientific credit attribution.