Pediatric mandibular reconstruction following resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a case report

Squamous cell carcinoma is a common entity among adult head and neck cancer patients, with many requiring reconstruction post resection. Conversely, this entity is rare among children with major reconstruction even more unique. This case and the concomitant review of literature highlight the intricacies of pediatric facial reconstruction.

The case described is of a 6-year-old African-American boy with poor dentition and a painful, 1.5 cm epiphytic lesion on the alveolar ridge of the left mandible. Incisional biopsy and computerized tomography were employed to obtain diagnosis and extent of disease. Surgical resection and reconstruction followed.

Incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. Maxillofacial computerized tomography confirmed the extent of the mandibular lesion. After interdisciplinary discussion and weighing options with the family, a segmental mandibulectomy, neck dissection, and right fibula free flap reconstruction with titanium 2.0 mm metal plate fixation was performed. Re-examination post-operatively showed complete coverage of the defect and the ability to restore excised dentition.

Squamous cell carcinoma within the pediatric population occurs less often than sarcomas, but may necessitate major reconstruction. Without rigid reconstruction, contracture may result. The current consensus favors microvascular bone reconstruction. However, a lack of consensus exists regarding the timing of dental rehabilitation.