MicroRNA-145: a potent tumour suppressor that regulates multiple cellular pathways

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Oncology

Background:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
• Aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancers.
• MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) is frequently downregulated in multiple tumor types.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on the role of miR-145 in cancer development and progression.
• To explore the potential of miR-145 in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of published studies on miR-145 and cancer.
• Analysis of miR-145's regulatory functions on target oncogenes.
• Review of evidence linking miR-145 alterations to tumorigenesis and cancer hallmarks.

Main Results:

• MiR-145 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting multiple oncogenes.
• Downregulation of miR-145 is associated with uncontrolled cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis evasion, and increased invasion.
• Restoration of miR-145 levels can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models.

Conclusions:

• MiR-145 plays a critical role in suppressing tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
• MiR-145 represents a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
• Therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring miR-145 function hold potential for cancer treatment.