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Updated: Apr 25, 2026
05:37
An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model
Published on: September 16, 2022
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An updated method for risk adjustment in outcomes research.
Suhail A R Doi1, Jan J Barendregt1, Chalapati Rao1
1School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Summary
Modified meta-analysis methods are essential for outcomes research when aggregating rates or effect sizes without a common effect. This approach enables risk adjustment, unlike standard meta-analysis, for better comparative effectiveness research.
Area of Science:
- Biostatistics
- Outcomes Research
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Standard meta-analysis methods are often inappropriately applied to aggregate rates or effect sizes.
- A constraint of no common underlying effect or rate necessitates methodological modifications.
- Risk adjustment is crucial in outcomes research for accurate comparisons.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the need for modified meta-analytic methods in outcomes research.
- To show how to aggregate rates and effect sizes when a common underlying effect is absent.
- To enable appropriate risk adjustment in comparative studies.
Main Methods:
- Modified meta-analytic methods incorporating user-defined weights were developed.
- External risk adjustment was demonstrated using rates and standardization.
- Internal risk adjustment was extended to comparative effect sizes.
Main Results:
- Modified methods achieved external risk adjustment via standardization for rates.
- The procedure yielded results identical to conventional age standardization for age-adjusted rates.
- Modified methods enabled risk adjustment for effect sizes, which standard meta-analysis could not.
Conclusions:
- Modified meta-analysis facilitates risk adjustment where fixed- or random-effects models are unsuitable.
- The proposed method is appropriate for risk adjustment, distinct from traditional meta-analysis.
- Avoid standard meta-analysis for risk adjustment; utilize modified approaches instead.
Keywords:
age standardizationburden of diseasefixed-effects modelmeta-analysispopulation standardizationquality-effects modelrandom-effects modelMore Related Videos
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