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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Author Spotlight: Improved Nucleofection for High-Efficiency Gene Delivery in Murine Subventricular Zone-Derived Neural Stem Cell Cultures
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Nanovesicles engineered from ES cells for enhanced cell proliferation.

Dayeong Jeong1, Wonju Jo2, Jaewoong Yoon2

  • 1School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea.

Biomaterials
|August 19, 2014
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Summary

Researchers developed novel cell-derived nanovesicles to overcome exosome limitations. These nanovesicles significantly enhanced skin fibroblast proliferation and key protein expressions, suggesting potential for tissue repair and wound healing applications.

Keywords:
Cell proliferationECMFibroblastsGrowth factorNanoparticlesStem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are crucial for intercellular communication but face limitations in isolation and quantity for therapeutic use.
  • Rarity and heterogeneity of exosomes hinder their diagnostic and therapeutic potential, especially in regenerative medicine.
  • Existing isolation methods for exosomes are often lengthy and inefficient, posing challenges for large-scale applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate novel cell-derived nanovesicles as an alternative to exosomes for therapeutic applications.
  • To investigate the potential of these nanovesicles to enhance cell proliferation and tissue repair.
  • To assess the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of nanovesicles on fibroblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of cell-derived nanovesicles by extruding living embryonic stem cells through micro-filters.
  • Treatment of primary murine skin fibroblasts with the generated nanovesicles.
  • Analysis of gene and protein expression levels (mRNA, VEGF-α, TGF-β, collagen I, PCNA, Ki-67) and cell proliferation rates.

Main Results:

  • Nanovesicle treatment led to increased expression of proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67) and key proteins (VEGF-α, TGF-β, collagen I) in fibroblasts.
  • Enhanced cell proliferation rate and cell number were observed in nanovesicle-treated fibroblasts compared to controls.
  • The nanovesicles, possessing a lipid bilayer and cellular contents, demonstrated efficacy in stimulating fibroblast activity.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-derived nanovesicles show promise as a therapeutic agent for promoting tissue recovery and wound healing.
  • These nanovesicles offer a viable alternative to exosomes, overcoming limitations of rarity and complex isolation.
  • Further research into nanovesicle applications could advance regenerative medicine and therapeutic strategies for tissue repair.