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Calman A MacLennan1, Allan Saul2

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Vaccines against poverty target diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Increased investment in neglected diseases and partnerships are crucial for developing and implementing these vital vaccines.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The 2010s were declared the Decade of Vaccines, with a focus on reducing vaccine-preventable diseases.
  • Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 aimed to reduce child mortality and improve maternal health.
  • Vaccines against poverty address diseases disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the landscape of vaccine development for neglected infectious diseases in LMICs.
  • To identify key areas for investment and strategic partnerships in vaccine research and development.
  • To highlight successful initiatives and future directions for vaccines targeting poverty-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 data to identify priority diseases.
  • Review of R&D spending on new vaccines for neglected infectious diseases.
  • Examination of funding trends for product development partnerships.
  • Case studies of successful vaccine implementation strategies in LMICs.

Main Results:

  • Despite significant R&D spending, the majority focused on HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, not neglected diseases.
  • Funding for product development partnerships has declined, with a shift towards basic research.
  • Investment in vaccines for diarrheal diseases, hepatitis C, and group A Streptococcus could have a major health impact.
  • Advanced Market Commitment strategies and initiatives like MenAfriVac demonstrate progress in LMIC-targeted vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Further investment is needed for vaccines against diarrheal diseases, hepatitis C, group A Streptococcus, and sepsis in mothers and neonates.
  • The development of vaccines primarily targeted at LMICs, like MenAfriVac, represents a significant advancement.
  • Strengthening partnerships between vaccine developers, manufacturers, and LMIC stakeholders is essential for successful implementation.